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words borrowed from the German

  • 1 the

    [ðiː] ( полная форма); [ðɪ] (редуцированная форма, употр. перед гласными), [ðə] (редуцированная форма, употр. перед согласными) 1. артикль
    1) выделяет конкретный, определённый объект из группы однородных объектов; употребляется перед названиями объектов, которые известны говорящему и слушающему, в том числе были упомянуты в предшествующем контексте
    2) указывает на существительное как на (эталонного) представителя определённого класса - часто при сопоставлении с другими классами

    The wolf is a predator. — Волк является хищником.

    Popov invented the radio. — Попов изобрёл радио.

    3)
    а) употребляется перед названиями уникальных объектов или объектов, которые уникальны в данный момент времени
    б) употребляется перед названиями рек, архипелагов, гор, областей (как правило, во мн.ч.); перед названиями некоторых стран
    в) употребляется перед географическими названиями, представляющими собой словосочетание, где главное существительное не является именем собственным
    г) употребляется перед названиями природных явлений, времён года
    4)
    а) употребляется перед существительными, обозначающими время

    at the moment — в настоящий момент, сейчас

    Could you tell me the time, please? — Вы не подскажете, сколько времени?

    б) употребляется перед числительными, обозначающими год
    5) употребляется перед названиями периодических изданий; литературных, музыкальных, художественных произведений
    6)
    а) употребляется перед названием части тела или персональной принадлежностью, упомянутой или обозначенной раньше, вместо соответствующего притяжательного местоимения

    He took him by the hand. — Он схватил его за руку.

    в) употребляется перед названиями болезней, недугов, которые в данном случае рассматриваются относительно их обладателя (также возможно безартиклевое употребление)

    His secretary had gone down with the flu. — Его секретарша слегла с гриппом.

    I have the toothache. — У меня болит зуб.

    7) употребляется перед названиями кораблей, таверн, театров и других известных сооружений
    9) употребляется перед существительным, которое определяется относительным предложением или причастным оборотом

    He is the man I told you about. — Это тот человек, о котором я вам рассказывал.

    10) употребляется перед существительным (как правило, именем собственным), которое определяется предложной группой, особенно с предлогом of
    11) тот, такой, подходящий (употребляется перед существительным, которое определяется инфинитивным оборотом)

    He is not the person to lay before us the work of absolutely the finest quality. — Он не тот человек, который положит перед нами работу высочайшего качества.

    This is the place to eat. — Вот где стоит поесть.

    12)
    а) употребляется перед существительным, которое определяет другое существительное (как правило, имя собственное), причём определяющее существительное обычно ставится после имени собственного
    б) употребляется перед прилагательными, определяющими имена собственные; в том случае если прилагательное становится постоянным эпитетом, оно употребляется после существительного
    13)
    а) употребляется перед названиями наций, народов, племён и пр.
    б) употребляется перед фамилиями, названиями династии, рода в форме множественного числа для обозначения всей семьи, династии

    the Smiths — Смиты, семья Смитов

    the Tudors — Тюдоры, династия Тюдоров

    14) употребляется перед прилагательными в превосходной степени и порядковыми прилагательными

    This is the most interesting book I've ever read. — Это самая интересная книга, которую я когда-либо читал.

    15)
    а) оформляет субстантивацию прилагательных, причастий, числительных, местоимений

    words borrowed from the German — слова, заимствованные из немецкого

    б) употребляется перед прилагательными или причастиями для образования коллективного собирательного существительного (как правило, относящегося к людям)

    the poor — бедные, бедняки

    •
    Gram:
    [ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]the[/ref]
    2. нареч.

    So much the worse for them, but so much the better for me in this case. — Тем хуже для них, но тем лучше для меня в этом случае.

    2) чем... тем ( при сравнении)

    the sooner the better — чем скорее, тем лучше

    The more money people have, the more they spend. — Чем больше у людей денег, тем больше они их тратят.

    Англо-русский современный словарь > the

  • 2 EINN

    * * *
    card. numb. and pron.
    1) one;
    einn skal við einn eiga, one shall fight against one;
    einn ok einn, one by one, one at a time, singly;
    2) as ord. numb. = inn fyrsti (Urð hétu eina, aðra Verðandi, Skuld ina þriðju);
    3) the same, one and the same (váru sveinarnir up fœddir báðir í einu þorpi);
    allt í eina leið, all in one way;
    einn … ok, the same as (í einu herbergi ok hinn);
    allr einn, the very same, quite the same (þat er allt eitt ok himinn);
    allt at einu, nevertheless, for all that (þó at þú þjónaðir illum, þó var hann allt at einu þinn herra);
    4) indef. one, a certain (einn vetr, einn dag, eitt kveld);
    einn vinr Þóris, a certain friend of Th.;
    before numbers, about, some;
    einar fimm þúsundir, some five thousand;
    einir … aðrir, some … others (einir tóku dúka ok aðrir rekkjublæjur);
    einn ok ýmiss, one and another (einar ok ýmissar þjóðir);
    5) after a negation, any;
    né eitt, not anything;
    6) gen. pl. ‘einna’ used in an intensive sense;
    einna manna bezt, best of all (single) men;
    einna verst, by far the worst;
    einna sízt, by far the least, least of all;
    engi er einna hvatastr, no man is superior to all others;
    7) alone (Guðrún skyldi ein ráða fyrir fé þeirra);
    láta konu eina, to desert or divorce one’s wife;
    with gen., hann varð einn sinna manna, he was separated from his men;
    if put after the noun ‘einn’ generally denotes only, but;
    segja þetta prett einn, to call this a mere trick;
    vín eitt, wine only;
    var þat (handklæði) raufar einar, all in holes, mere tatters;
    fáir einir, only a few;
    einn sér or sér einn, quite by oneself, alone (hann var einn sér);
    einn saman, einn samt, quite alone;
    kona eigi ein saman, not alone, with child;
    at eins, only, but;
    eigi at eins, not only;
    því at eins, only in that case;
    údauðr at eins, merely not dead, all but dead, barely alive;
    at einu = at eins.
    * * *
    adj., pl. einir, acc. sing. einn, but also einan, esp. in the sense al-einan etc.; [Gr. εἱς, εν; Lat. ūnus, and early Lat. oinos; Ulf. ains; A. S. ân; Engl. one, in E. Engl. proncd. like stone, bone; Scot. ane; Swed. en; Dan. een]:—one.
    A. Cardinal number, one; einn, tveir, þrír …, opp. to báðir, fleiri, etc.; einum eðr fleirum, Grág. i. 108; eina sök eðr fleiri, 78; unnu báðir eins verk, Fas. i. 515; einum ok einum, one by one, ii. 252; tveir menn veðmæltu um einn grip, Grág. i. 412.
    2. in old poems it is used as an ordinal number; Urð hétu eina, aðra Verðandi, Vsp. 20; segðu þat it eina …, opp. to þat it annat, Vþm. 20; hjálp heitir eitt, help ranks first, Hm. 147, Vkv. 2; but this use is quite obsolete.
    3. with the notion of sameness, one and the same (unus et idem;) í einu húsi, in the same house, Grág. ii. 42; ein ero lög um, hvárt sem ero naut eðr sauðir, i. 422; allt á eina leið, all one way, Fms. ii. 315; til einnar gistingar báðir, vii. 274; í einu brjósti, Alm. 36; allr einn, the very same, Nj. 213.
    II. indefinite, a, an, a certain one; einn vetr, a winter, Fms. i. 57; einn dag, x. 11, Fas. i. 514; eitt kveld, Ld. 38; einn hinn versti maðr, Fær. 91; Breiðlingr einn, a man from Broaddale, Sturl. ii. 249; einn vinr Þóris, a certain friend of Thorir, Fms. vi. 277: einn as the indefinite article is hardly found in old writers; and though it is freq. in the Bible, sermons, hymns, etc., since the Reformation, it was no doubt borrowed from the German, and has never been naturalised.
    β. about, before numbers; ein tvau hundruð vaðmála, about two hundred pieces, Sks. 30; einar fimm þúsudir, about three thousand, Al. 111,—obsolete, in mod. usage hérum-bil or the like.
    III. alone, Gr. μόνος, Lat. solus, used both in sing. and plur.; Guðrún skyldi ein ráða, Ld. 132; Hallr tók einn upp fang, 38; láta einan, to let alone; láttu mig Drottinn einan ekki, Pass. 34. 11; as a law term, to let one’s wife alone, þá lét hann eina Guðrúnu, Fms. x. 324 (cp. einlát); Gunnarr mundi vera einn heima, Nj. 113; sjá einn hlutr, that one thing only, 112; þau ein tíðendi (plur.), only such news, 242.
    β. if put after the noun, einn denotes, only, but, sheer, and is almost adverb.; segja þetta prett einn, a mere trick, Sturl. ii. 249; raufar einar, all in holes, Nj. 176; urðu borðin í blóði einu, the tables were bedabbled with blood all over, 270, Ó. H. 116; öll orðin at hvölum einum, all turned into whales, Fas. i. 372; gabb eitt ok háð, sheer mockery, Sks. 247; orð ein, mere words, Nj. 123; ígangs-klæði ein, Eg. 75; vin eitt, wine only, Gm. 19; heiptyrði ein, Fm. 9; hamingjur einar, Vþm. 49; ofsamenn einir, Ld. 158; þá nótt eina, for that one night, N. G. L. i. 240: also after an adj., lítið eina, only a little, Stj. 177; þat eina, er hann ætti sjálfr, Eg. 47, Fms. v. 303; nema góðs eina, naught but good, Eg. 63; fátt eitt, few only, but few; vilt eitt, but what is agreeable, Hm. 125; mikit eitt skala manni gefa, a proverb, ‘small gifts shew great love,’ 51; sá einn, er …, he only, who …, 17; satt eitt, sooth only, Fm. 9; the sense differs according as the adj. is placed before or after the noun, einn Guð, the one God; but, Guð einn, God only, none but God.
    IV. plur. in a distributive sense, single; ein gjöld, a single weregild, opp. to tvenn, þrenn, fern, double, triple, quadruple, Grág. ii. 232; thus Icel. say, einir sokkar, skór, vetlingar, a pair of socks, shoes, gloves; einar brækr, a pair of breeches; also with nouns which have only plur., e. g. ein, tvenn, þrenn Jól, one, two, three Christmasses ( Yules); einar (tvennar) dyrr, a single … door; eina Páska, one Easter.
    V. gen. pl. einna is used in an intensive sense; einna manna bezt, best of all single men, Fms. ix. 258; í mesta lagi einna manna, foremost of all single men, Bjarn. 65; fátt er svá einna hluta, at örvænt sé at hitti annat slíkt, Ó. H. 75.
    β. ellipt., manna, hluta, or the like being omitted, einna becomes almost an adverbial phrase, by far, exceedingly; at engi viti einna miklogi görr (= einna manna), that no one ( no single man) shall know it much better, Grág. i. 2; einna verst, by far the worst, Orkn. 162, Nj. 38; einna sizt, by far the least, least of all, Fms. i. 37; einna mest verðr, Ld. 8; er einna var ríkastr, who was the mightiest of all, Fms. i. 297; engan rétt einna meir kunnan at göra (= einna rétta meir), Sks. 22; engi er einna hvatastr (= e. manna), there is none so mighty but be may find his match, Hm. 63: in mod. usage einna, joined with a superlative, is used adverbially, e. beztr, e. fljótastr, the best, the fleetest, but in a somewhat depreciatory sense.
    VI. used adverb.:
    1. gen. sing. eins,
    α. eins ok, as, as if; eins ok væri hann með öllu óttalauss, Hkr. iii. 275; allt eins ok ( just as) rakkar metja með tungu, Stj. 392.
    β. likewise, in the same way; mikill þorri var þat er þær sögðu eins báðar, Landn. (Hb.) 320; this use of eins is very rare in old writers, but freq. in mod. use; in the spoken language at least ‘eins’ (= as) has almost replaced the old ‘sem.’
    γ. only; er ek hefi áðr spurn til eins, Fms. iv. 139 (rare).
    δ. at eins, only, but, Grág. i. 235; vel at eins, ironically, well enough, Ld. 248; eigi at eins, not only, Fms. i. 266; með sínum at eins kostnaði, vii. 184; því at eins, only in that case, Nj. 228; þar at eins, Ísl. ii. 400; allt eins, not the less for that, 216: in mod. use, just as (vide allr A. V. 5).
    2. dat. at einu = at eins; údauðr at einu, Ld. 242; því at einu = því at eins, Fms. iv. 195; því at einu er rétt …, Grág. i. 164; svá at einu, id., Nj. 103; sá evkr syndir sínar at einu, he but adds to his sins, Hom. 157; allt at einu, all the same, Ísl. ii. 216, v. l.: af því einu, only because, Mork. 140.
    B. Joined to another pronominal adj. or adv.:
    I. einn hverr, adj. pron., in old writers usually in two words and with a double declension (see below), but now and then (and in mod. usage always) in a single word, einn being indecl.; einhverja (acc. f.), Hbl. 30; einhverjum (dat. sing.), Hm. 122, Fms. x. 71; einhverjo héraði, Al. 98, Nj. 2; einhverra (gen.), Fms. iv. 75; einhverir (nom. pl.), viii. 202; einhver, einhverir, etc.: the form eins-hverr is peculiar, keeping the gen. indecl. through all the cases, nom. einshverr, N. G. L. i. 6; acc. einshverja, Stj. 156, 655 xxxii. 18, Gþl. 135; dat. einshverjum, Stj. 22, 442, 448; this form seems to be chiefly Norse, is very rare in old writers, and now quite obsolete; neut. sing. eitthvert, Vm. 73, or eitthvat, Stj. 442, the mod. usage makes a distinction, and uses eitthvert only as adj., eitthvað as subst.:
    1. each one, each single one; maðr er einn hverr, Edda 108; þær eru svá margar, at ein hver má vel endask, Eg. 414; ór þeirra fjórðungi sem ór einum hverjum öðrum, Íb. ch. 5; skal einn hverr ( each) þeirra nefna sér vátta, Grág. i. 74; jafnmikinn arf sem einn hverr ( each) sona hans, Sturl. ii. 77; fátt er svá herra einhverra hluta, of any single thing, Fms. iv. 175.
    β. joined to a superl. it strengthens the sense; ágætastr maðr einn hverr, one of the very first men, Nj. 282; vinsælastr höfðingi einhverr, highly popular, Fms. vii. 4; einhver drengilegust vörn, ix. 515.
    2. in an indefinite sense, some, somebody, a certain one; eitthvert ríki, Sks. 350; eina hverja nótt, some night, 686 B. 4; eitthvert sinn, once, sometime, Sturl. i. 77, Nj. 79; einhverju sinni, id., 2; einhvern dag, some day, Fms. v. 177, Ísl. ii. 212; eina hverja þessa tíð, about this time, N. G. L. i. 355; til einnar hverrar stefnu, to some meeting, Fb. i. 354; eins-hverja hluti, Stj. 156; með eins-hverjum sveini, 442; at ekki sé minna vert, at hlýða prests-messu nývígðs hinni fyrstu, heldr en biskups-messu einhverri, Bs. i. 131.
    β. used as subst.; einn hverr várr búandanna, Fms. i. 34; einn hvern manna hans, Eg. 258; einhverr í hverjum dal, Ld. 258, Nj. 192.
    γ. einhver-staðar (eins-hver-staðar, Fms. vii. 84), adv. somewhere, Grett. 130, Fms. iv. 57, Sd. 181.
    II. einn-saman, adj. ‘one together’ (vide einsamall), i. e. quite alone; maðrinn lifir ekki af einu-saman brauði, Matth. iv. 4; með einni-saman sinni sýn, með einni-saman sinni þefan, Stj. 93; ef útlegðir fara einar-saman, if it be solely a matter of outlay ( fine), Grág. i. 103; ef þat færi eitt-saman, ii. 10: of a woman, vera eigi ein-saman, to be not alone, to be with a child, Fms. iii. 109.
    III. with other words; einir … ýmissir, ‘one and sundry;’ various, mixed, Stj. 88, 204; eina hluti ok ýmissa, Fb. i. 191.
    β. hverr ok einn, ‘each and one,’ every one, 677. 1, H. E. i. 393, Rb. 492; fyrir hvern mun ok einn, Fas. i. 396.
    γ. einn ok sér-hverr, one and all.
    δ. einn sér, apart, for oneself, alone; Múspells-synir hafa einir sér fylking, Edda 41; einn sér, sole, Fms. ii. 308; sér einir, Sturl. ii. 53: metaph. singular, peculiar, ein var hón sér í lýðsku, Fs. 30.
    ε. sér-hverr, adj. every one, q. v.: eins-konar, adv. of one kind, Skálda 165; mod. indef. of a certain kind, a kind of: eins-kostar, adv. particularly, Ísl. ii. 322, Mork. 81.
    ζ. né einn, not one, none; in old writers usually so, but now and then contracted neinn (q. v.), and in mod. usage always so; né eina sekð, Grág. i. 136; né eitt úhreint, Stj. 409; né einu sinni, not once, Fms. xi. 13; né eins, not a single thing, 112; né eina herferð, vii. 28.
    η. fáir einir, only a few, in mod. usage in one word, nom. fáeinir, dat. fáeinum, gen. fáeinna: ein-stakr, single, q. v.: al-einn, alone, q. v.: ein-mana, q. v. (cp. Gr. μόνος): einum-megin, adv. on one side, Nj. 248 (vide vegr).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > EINN

  • 3 GOÐ

    * * *
    n. pl. [all the Teutonic languages have this word in common; Ulf. guþa, n. pl., Gal. iv. 8; guda, id., John x. 34, 35; and Guþ, m.; A. S. godu, n. pl., and God, m.; O. H. G. Cot: in mod. languages masc.; Engl. God; Germ. Gott; Dan.-Swed. Gud].
    A. HISTORICAL REMARKS.—In heathen times this word was neuter, and was used almost exclusively in plur., as were also other words denoting Godhead, e. g. regin or rögn = numina, q. v.; and bönd, höpt, prop. = bonds, and metaph. gods:—this plur. usage seems not to refer to a plurality of gods, but rather, as the Hebrew אלהים, to the majesty and mystery of the Godhead; it points to an earlier and purer faith than that which was current in the later ages of the Scandinavian heathendom; thus the old religious poem Völuspá distinguishes a twofold order of gods,—the heavenly powers (regin or ginn-heilög goð) who had no special names or attributes, and who ruled the world, like the Μοιρα or Αισα of Gr. mythology;—and the common gods who were divided into two tribes, Æsir ( Ases) and Vanir, whose conflict and league are recorded in Vsp. 27, 28, and Edda 47.
    II. after the introduction of Christianity, the masculine gender (as in Greek and Latin) superseded the neuter in all Teutonic languages, first in Gothic, then in Old High German and Anglo-Saxon, and lastly in the Scandinavian languages; but neither in Gothic nor in Icel. did the word ever take the masc. inflexive r or s, so that it remains almost unique in form.
    2. in Scandinavian the root vowel was altered from o to u (goð to guð), [Swed.-Dan. gud], yet in old poems of the Christian age it is still made to rhyme with o, Goðs, boðnum; Goð, roðnar, Sighvat; as also in the oldest MSS. of the 12th century; sometimes however it is written ḡþ, in which case the root vowel cannot be discerned.
    3. in Icel. the pronunciation also underwent a change, and the g in Guð ( God) is now pronounced gw (Gwuð), both in the single word and in those proper names which have become Christian, e. g. Guðmundr pronounced Gwuðmundr, whence the abbreviated form Gvendr or Gvöndr. The old form with o is still retained in obsolete words, as goði, goðorð, vide below, and in local names from the heathen age, as Goð-dalir; so also Gormr (q. v.), which is contracted from Goð-ormr not Guð-ormr. On the other hand, the Saxon and German have kept the root vowel o.
    III. in old poems of heathen times it was almost always used without the article; gremdu eigi goð at þér, Ls.; áðr vér heilög goð blótim, Fas. i. (in a verse); ginnheilög Goð, Vsp. passim; goðum ek þat þakka, Am. 53; með goðum, Alm.; in prose, en goð hefna eigi alls þegar, Nj. 132.
    2. with the article goð-in, Vsp. 27: freq. in prose, um hvat reiddusk goðin þá er hér brann hraunit er nú stöndu vér á, Bs. i. (Kr. S.) 22; eigi eru undr at goðin reiðisk tölum slíkum, id.; Hallfreðr lastaði eigi goðin, þó aðrir menn hallmælti þeim, Fms. ii. 52; allmikin hug leggr þú á goðin, Fs. 94; eigi munu goðin þessu valda, Nj. 132, passim.
    3. very seldom in sing., and only if applied to a single goddess or the like, as Öndor-goðs (gen.), Haustl. 7; Vana-goð, of Freyja, Edda; enu skírleita goði, of the Sun, Gm. 39.
    IV. after the introduction of Christianity, the neut. was only used of false gods in sing. as well as in pl., Sólar-goð = Apollo, Orrostu-goð = Mars, Drauma-goð = Morpheus, Bret. (Verel.); and was held up for execration by the missionaries; gör þik eigi svá djarfa, at þú kallir goð hinn hæsta konung er ek trúi á, Fb. i. 371. Yet so strongly did the neut. gender cleave to the popular mind that it remains (Grág. Kb. i. 192) in the oath formula, goð gramt = Goð gramr; and Icel. still say, í Guðanna (pl.) bænum.
    2. guðír, masc. pl., as in A. S. gudas, is freq. in eccl. writers, but borrowed from the eccl. Lat.
    B. IN COMPDS:
    I. with nouns, goða-blót, n. sacrifice to the gods, Fb. i. 35. goða-gremi, f. a term in the heathen oath, wrath of the gods, Eg. 352. goða-heill, f. favour of the gods, Þorst. Síðu H. 9. goða-hús, n. a house of gods, temple, Dropl. 11, Nj. 131, Fb. i. 337. goða-stallar, m. pl. the altar in temples, Fas. i. 454. goða-stúka, u, f. the sanctuary in heathen temples, answering to the choir or sanctuary in churches, Landn. 335 (App.) goða-tala, u, f. in the phrase, í goðatölu, in the tale ( list) of gods, 625. 41. goð-borinn, part. διογενής, god-born, Hkv. 1. 29. goð-brúðr, f. bride of the gods (the goddess Skaði), Edda (in a verse). Goð-dalir, m. pl. a local name, hence Goð-dælir, m. pl. a family, Landn. goð-gá, f. blasphemy against the gods, Nj. 163, Ld. 180. goð-heimr, m. the home of the gods, Stor. 20, cp. Ýt. goð-konungr, m. (cp. Gr. διογενής βασιλεύς), a king,—kings being deemed the offspring of gods, Ýt. goð-kunnigr and goð-kyndr, adj. of the kith of gods, Edda 6, 11, 13. goð-lauss, adj. godless, a nickname, Landn. goð-lax, m. a kind of salmon, Edda (Gl.) goð-leiðr, adj. loathed by the gods, Korm. goð-máligr, adj. skilled in the lore of the gods, Hým. 38. goð-mögn, n. pl. divine powers, deities, Edda 1; biðja til þinna goðmagna, Bret. (Verel.) goð-reið, f. ‘a ride of gods’ through the air, a meteor, thought to forebode great events, Glúm. (in a verse), cp. the Swed. åska. goð-rifi, n. scorn of the gods, Sks. 435. goð-rækr, adj. ‘god-forsaken,’ wicked, 623. 30. goðum-leiðr, adj. = goðleiðr, Landn. (in a verse). goð-vargr, m. a ‘god-worrier,’ sacrilegus, ‘lupus in sanctis,’ Bs. i. 13 (in a verse). goð-vefr, vide guðvefr. goð-vegr, m. the way of the gods, the heaven, the sky, Hdl. 5. Goð-þjóð, f. the abode of the gods, Vsp.:—but Goth. Gut-þjuda = the land of the Goths, by assimilation Goð-þjóð, passim in old poems and the Sagas.
    II. with pr. names, originally Goð-, later and mod. Guð-; of men, Guð-brandr, Guð-laugr, Guð-leifr, Guð-mundr, Guð-röðr, Guð-ormr or Gutt-ormr, etc.; of women, Guð-björg, Guð-finna, Guð-laug, Guð-leif, Guð-ný, Guð-ríðr, Guð-rún, etc.; cp. the interesting statement in Eb. (App.) 126 new Ed. (from the Hauks-bók), that men of the olden time used to call their sons and daughters after the gods (Goð-, Þór-, Frey-, Ás-); and it was thought that a double (i. e. a compound) name gave luck and long life, esp. those compounded with the names of gods; menn höfðu mjök þá tvau nöfn, þótti þat likast til langlífis ok heilla, þótt nokkurir fyrirmælti þeim við goðin, þá mundi þat ekki saka, ef þeir ætti eitt nafn, though any one cursed them by the gods it would not hurt if they had ‘one’ name, i. e. if they were the namesakes of the gods, Eb. l. c.;—we read ‘eitt nafn’ for ‘eitt annat nafn’ of the Ed. and MS. In Fb. i. 23, the mythical king Raum is said to have had three sons, Alf, Björn, and Brand; the first was reared by the Finns, and called Finn-Alf; Björn by his mother (a giantess), and called Jötun-Björn; and Brand was given to the gods, and called Goð-Brand (Guð-brandr, whence Guðbrands-dalir, a county in Norway); cp. also Eb. ch. 7.
    ☞ For the Christian sense of God and its compds vide s. v. Guð.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GOÐ

  • 4 VÍN

    * * *
    I)
    (gen. -jar), f. meadow.
    m. friend, = vinr.
    * * *
    n. [this word, though foreign, is common to all Teut. languages, and is one of the few words which at a very early date was borrowed from the Lat.; it is found in the oldest poems, and appears there as a naturalised word; Ulf. has wein = οινος; A. S. and O. H. G. wîn; Germ. wein; Engl. wine; Dan. vin]:— wine; at víni, Hðm. 21, Gísl. (in a verse); en við vín eitt vápn-göfigr, Óðinn æ lifir, Gm. 19; vín var í könnu, Rm. 29. Wine was in early times imported into Scandinavia from England; þeir kómu af Englandi með mikilli gæzku víns ok hunangs ok hveitis, Bs. i. 433, (in the Profectio ad Terram Sanctam, 146, for vim mellis, tritici, bonarumque vestium, read vini, mellis, etc.); or it was brought through Holstein from Germany, as in Fms. i. 111; Þýðerskir menn ætla héðan at flytja smjör ok skreið, en hér kemr í staðinn vín, in the speech of Sverrir, Fms. viii. 251; the story of Tyrkir the Southerner (German), Fb. i. 540, is curious:—for wine made of berries (berja-vín), see Páls S. ch. 9, and Ann. 1203: cp. the saying, vín skal til vinar drekka, Sturl. iii. 305; eitt silfr-ker fullt af víni, id.: allit., vín ok virtr, Sdm.
    2. poët., hræ-vín, hrafn-vín, vitnis-vín, = blood, Lex. Poët.
    B. COMPDS: vínbelgr, vínber, vínberill, vínbyrli, víndropi, víndrukkinn, víndrykkja, víndrykkr, vínfat, vínfátt, vínferill, víngarðr, víngefn, vínguð, víngörð, vínhús, vínhöfigr, vínker, vínkjallari, Vínland, vínlauss, Vínlenzkr, vínleysi, vínóðr, vínórar, vínpottr, vínsvelgr, víntré, víntunna, vínviði, vínviðr, vínþrúga, vínþröng.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VÍN

  • 5 cròm

    bent, Irish Early Irish crom, Old Irish cromm, Welsh crwm, Breton krom, Old Breton crum, krumbo-; from the same root as cruinn? The Anglo-Saxon crumb, crooked, English crumple, German krumm, have been compared, and borrowing alleged, some holding that the Teutons borrowed from the Celts, and vice versa. Dr Stokes holds that the Celts are the borrowers. The Teutonic and Celtic words do not seem to be connected at all in reality. It is an accidental coincidence, which is bound to happen sometimes, and the wonder is it does not happen oftener.

    Etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > cròm

  • 6 D

    D, d (n. indecl., sometimes f. sc. littera), the flat dental mute, corresponding in character and sound to the English d and the Greek D, was the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, and was called de: Ter. Maur. p. 2385 P., Auson. Idyll. 12, de Litt. Monos. 14. But at the end of a syllable, or after another consonant, its sound was sharpened, so that the grammarians often discuss the question whether d or t should be written, especially in conjunctions and prepositions. Illa quoque servata est a multis differentia, ut ad cum esset praepositio, d litteram, cum autem conjunctio, t acciperet (Quint. 1, 7, 5; cf. id. 1, 4, 16). Hence we may infer that some disputed this distinction, and that the sounds of ad and at must at least have been very similar (cf. also Terent. Scaur. p. 2250, Vel. Long. p. 2230 sq., Cassiod. p. 2287, 2291). Thus also aput, it, quit, quot, aliut, set, haut are found for apud, id, quid, quod, aliud, sed, haud. It would appear from the remarks of these authors that the last two words in particular, having a proclitic character, while they distinctly retained the d sound before an initial vowel in the following word, were pronounced before a consonant almost as set, haut (Mar. Vict. p. 2462 P., Vel. Long. l. l. v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.). The use of t for d in the middle of a word, as Alexenter for Alexander, atnato for adnato, is very rare (cf. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 486 sq.). On the other hand, the use of d for t, which sometimes appears in MSS. and inscrr., as ed, capud, essed, inquid (all of which occur in the Cod. palimps. of Cic. Rep.), adque, quodannis, sicud, etc., fecid, reliquid, etc. (all in inscriptions after the Augustan period), is to be ascribed to a later phonetic softening (cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.).
    II.
    As an initial, the letter d, in pure Latin words, suffers only a vowel after it; the single consonantal compound dr being found only in borrowed words, such as drama, Drusus, Druidae, etc., and in the two onomatopees drenso and drindio. Accordingly, the d of the initial dv, from du, was rejected, and the remaining v either retained unaltered (as in v iginti for du iginti; cf. triginta) or changed into b (as in b ellum, b is, b onus, for du ellum, du is, du onus; v. those words and the letter B). So too in and after the 4th century A.D., di before vowels was pronounced like j (cf. J ovis for Dj ovis, and J anus for Di anus); and hence, as the Greek di ( di) passed into dz, i. e. z (as in z a for d ia, and z eta for di aeta), we sometimes find the same name written in two or three ways, as Diabolenus, Jabolenus, Zabolenus; Jadera, Diadora, Zara. In many Greek words, however, which originally began with a y sound, d was prefixed by an instinctive effort to avoid a disagreeable utterance, just as in English the initial j has regularly assumed the sound of dj: thus Gr. zugon, i. e. diugon = L. jugum; and in such cases the d sound has been prefixed in Greek, not lost in Latin and other languages (v. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 608 sq.).b. As a medial, d before most consonants undergoes assimilation; v. ad, no. II.; assum, init., and cf. iccirco, quippiam, quicquam, for idcirco, quidpiam, quidquam; and in contractions like cette from cedite, pelluviae from pediluviae, sella from sedela. In contractions, however, the d is sometimes dropped and a compensation effected by lengthening the preceding vowel, as scāla for scand-la. D before endings which begin with s was suppressed, as pes from ped-s, lapis from lapid-s, frons from frond-s, rasi from radsi, risi from rid-si, lusi from lud-si, clausi from claud-si; but in the second and third roots of cedo, and in the third roots of some other verbs, d is assimilated, as cessi, cessum, fossum, etc. D is also omitted before s in composition when another consonant follows the s, as ascendo, aspicio, asto, astringo, and so also before the nasal gn in agnatus, agnitus, and agnosco, from gnatus, etc.: but in other combinations it is assimilated, as assentio, acclamo, accresco; affligo, affrico; agglomero, aggrego; applico, approbo, etc. In tentum, from tendo, d is dropped to avoid the combination ndt or ntt, since euphony forbids a consonant to be doubled after another.g. Final d stood only in ad, apud, sed, and in the neuter pronouns quid, quod, illud, istud, and aliud, anciently alid. Otherwise, the ending d was considered barbarous, Prisc. p. 686 P.
    III.
    The letter d represents regularly an original Indo-Germanic d, in Greek d, but which in German becomes z, in Gothic t, and in Anglo-Saxon t: cf. Gr. hêdomai, Sanscr. svad, Germ. süss, Angl.-Sax. svēte (sweet), with Lat. suadeo; domare with Gr. damaô, Germ. zähmen, Eng. tame; domus with demô, timber, O. H. Germ. zimber; duo with duô, zwei, two. But it is also interchanged with other sounds, and thus sometimes represents—
    1.
    An original t: mendax from mentior; quadraginta, quadra, etc., from quatuor.—
    2.
    An original r: ar and ad; apur or apor and apud; meridies and medidies, audio and auris; cf. arbiter, from ad-beto; arcesso for ad-cesso.—
    3.
    An original l: adeps, Gr. aleipha; dacrima and lacrima, dingua and lingua; cf. on the contrary, olere for odere, consilium and considere, Ulixes from Odusseus (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 223).—
    4.
    An original s: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus, medius and misos; and, on the contrary, rosa and rhodon. —
    5.
    A Greek th: fides, pistis; gaudere, gêtheô; vad-i-monium (from va-d-s, vadis), aethlon.
    IV.
    In the oldest period of the language d was the ending of the ablat. sing. and of the adverbs which were originally ablatives (cf. Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excur. I.; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. Prol. 10): pu CNANDO, MARID, DICTATORED, IN ALTOD MARID, NAVALED PRAEDAD on the Col. Rostr.; DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD (thrice) IN OQVOLTOD, IN POPLICOD, IN PREIVATOD, IN COVENTIONID, and the adverbs SVPRAD SCRIPTVM EST (thrice), EXSTRAD QVAM SEI, and even EXSTRAD VRBEM, in S. C. de Bacch. So intra-d, ultra-d, citra-d, contra-d, infra-d, supra-d; contro-d, intro-d, etc.; and probably interea-d, postea-d. Here too belongs, no doubt, the adverb FACILVMED, found in the last-mentioned inscription. But this use of the d became antiquated during the 3d century B.C., and is not found at all in any inscription after 186 B. C. Plautus seems to have used or omitted it at will (Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excurs. p. 18: Corss. Ausspr. 1, 197; 2, 1008).
    2.
    D final was also anciently found—
    a.
    In the accus. sing. of the personal pronouns med, ted, sed: INTER SED CONIOVRASE and INTER SED DEDISE, for inter se conjuravisse and inter se dedisse, in the S. C. de Bacch. This usage was retained, at least as a license of verse, when the next word began with a vowel, even in the time of Plautus. But in the classic period this d no longer appears. —
    b.
    In the imperative mood;

    as estod,

    Fest. p. 230. The Oscan language retained this ending (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 206).—
    c.
    In the preposition se-, originally identical with the conjunction sed (it is retained in the compound seditio); also in red-, prod-, antid-, postid-, etc. ( redire, prodire, etc.); and in these words, too, it is a remnant of the ancient characteristic of the ablative (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 200 sq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 49).
    V.
    As an abbreviation, D usually stands for the praenomen Decimus; also for Deus, Divus, Dominus, Decurio, etc.; over epitaphs, D. M. = Diis Manibus; over temple inscriptions, D. O. M. = Deo Optimo Maxumo; in the titles of the later emperors, D. N. = Dominus Noster, and DD. NN. = Domini Nostri. Before dates of letters, D signified dabam, and also dies; hence, a. d. = ante diem; in offerings to the gods, D. D. = dono or donum dedit; D. D. D. = dat, dicat, dedicat, etc. Cf. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 457 sq.
    ► The Romans denoted the number 500 by D; but the character was then regarded, not as a letter, but as half of the original Tuscan numeral (or CI[C ]) for 1000.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > D

  • 7 d

    D, d (n. indecl., sometimes f. sc. littera), the flat dental mute, corresponding in character and sound to the English d and the Greek D, was the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, and was called de: Ter. Maur. p. 2385 P., Auson. Idyll. 12, de Litt. Monos. 14. But at the end of a syllable, or after another consonant, its sound was sharpened, so that the grammarians often discuss the question whether d or t should be written, especially in conjunctions and prepositions. Illa quoque servata est a multis differentia, ut ad cum esset praepositio, d litteram, cum autem conjunctio, t acciperet (Quint. 1, 7, 5; cf. id. 1, 4, 16). Hence we may infer that some disputed this distinction, and that the sounds of ad and at must at least have been very similar (cf. also Terent. Scaur. p. 2250, Vel. Long. p. 2230 sq., Cassiod. p. 2287, 2291). Thus also aput, it, quit, quot, aliut, set, haut are found for apud, id, quid, quod, aliud, sed, haud. It would appear from the remarks of these authors that the last two words in particular, having a proclitic character, while they distinctly retained the d sound before an initial vowel in the following word, were pronounced before a consonant almost as set, haut (Mar. Vict. p. 2462 P., Vel. Long. l. l. v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.). The use of t for d in the middle of a word, as Alexenter for Alexander, atnato for adnato, is very rare (cf. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 486 sq.). On the other hand, the use of d for t, which sometimes appears in MSS. and inscrr., as ed, capud, essed, inquid (all of which occur in the Cod. palimps. of Cic. Rep.), adque, quodannis, sicud, etc., fecid, reliquid, etc. (all in inscriptions after the Augustan period), is to be ascribed to a later phonetic softening (cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.).
    II.
    As an initial, the letter d, in pure Latin words, suffers only a vowel after it; the single consonantal compound dr being found only in borrowed words, such as drama, Drusus, Druidae, etc., and in the two onomatopees drenso and drindio. Accordingly, the d of the initial dv, from du, was rejected, and the remaining v either retained unaltered (as in v iginti for du iginti; cf. triginta) or changed into b (as in b ellum, b is, b onus, for du ellum, du is, du onus; v. those words and the letter B). So too in and after the 4th century A.D., di before vowels was pronounced like j (cf. J ovis for Dj ovis, and J anus for Di anus); and hence, as the Greek di ( di) passed into dz, i. e. z (as in z a for d ia, and z eta for di aeta), we sometimes find the same name written in two or three ways, as Diabolenus, Jabolenus, Zabolenus; Jadera, Diadora, Zara. In many Greek words, however, which originally began with a y sound, d was prefixed by an instinctive effort to avoid a disagreeable utterance, just as in English the initial j has regularly assumed the sound of dj: thus Gr. zugon, i. e. diugon = L. jugum; and in such cases the d sound has been prefixed in Greek, not lost in Latin and other languages (v. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 608 sq.).b. As a medial, d before most consonants undergoes assimilation; v. ad, no. II.; assum, init., and cf. iccirco, quippiam, quicquam, for idcirco, quidpiam, quidquam; and in contractions like cette from cedite, pelluviae from pediluviae, sella from sedela. In contractions, however, the d is sometimes dropped and a compensation effected by lengthening the preceding vowel, as scāla for scand-la. D before endings which begin with s was suppressed, as pes from ped-s, lapis from lapid-s, frons from frond-s, rasi from radsi, risi from rid-si, lusi from lud-si, clausi from claud-si; but in the second and third roots of cedo, and in the third roots of some other verbs, d is assimilated, as cessi, cessum, fossum, etc. D is also omitted before s in composition when another consonant follows the s, as ascendo, aspicio, asto, astringo, and so also before the nasal gn in agnatus, agnitus, and agnosco, from gnatus, etc.: but in other combinations it is assimilated, as assentio, acclamo, accresco; affligo, affrico; agglomero, aggrego; applico, approbo, etc. In tentum, from tendo, d is dropped to avoid the combination ndt or ntt, since euphony forbids a consonant to be doubled after another.g. Final d stood only in ad, apud, sed, and in the neuter pronouns quid, quod, illud, istud, and aliud, anciently alid. Otherwise, the ending d was considered barbarous, Prisc. p. 686 P.
    III.
    The letter d represents regularly an original Indo-Germanic d, in Greek d, but which in German becomes z, in Gothic t, and in Anglo-Saxon t: cf. Gr. hêdomai, Sanscr. svad, Germ. süss, Angl.-Sax. svēte (sweet), with Lat. suadeo; domare with Gr. damaô, Germ. zähmen, Eng. tame; domus with demô, timber, O. H. Germ. zimber; duo with duô, zwei, two. But it is also interchanged with other sounds, and thus sometimes represents—
    1.
    An original t: mendax from mentior; quadraginta, quadra, etc., from quatuor.—
    2.
    An original r: ar and ad; apur or apor and apud; meridies and medidies, audio and auris; cf. arbiter, from ad-beto; arcesso for ad-cesso.—
    3.
    An original l: adeps, Gr. aleipha; dacrima and lacrima, dingua and lingua; cf. on the contrary, olere for odere, consilium and considere, Ulixes from Odusseus (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 223).—
    4.
    An original s: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus, medius and misos; and, on the contrary, rosa and rhodon. —
    5.
    A Greek th: fides, pistis; gaudere, gêtheô; vad-i-monium (from va-d-s, vadis), aethlon.
    IV.
    In the oldest period of the language d was the ending of the ablat. sing. and of the adverbs which were originally ablatives (cf. Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excur. I.; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. Prol. 10): pu CNANDO, MARID, DICTATORED, IN ALTOD MARID, NAVALED PRAEDAD on the Col. Rostr.; DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD (thrice) IN OQVOLTOD, IN POPLICOD, IN PREIVATOD, IN COVENTIONID, and the adverbs SVPRAD SCRIPTVM EST (thrice), EXSTRAD QVAM SEI, and even EXSTRAD VRBEM, in S. C. de Bacch. So intra-d, ultra-d, citra-d, contra-d, infra-d, supra-d; contro-d, intro-d, etc.; and probably interea-d, postea-d. Here too belongs, no doubt, the adverb FACILVMED, found in the last-mentioned inscription. But this use of the d became antiquated during the 3d century B.C., and is not found at all in any inscription after 186 B. C. Plautus seems to have used or omitted it at will (Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excurs. p. 18: Corss. Ausspr. 1, 197; 2, 1008).
    2.
    D final was also anciently found—
    a.
    In the accus. sing. of the personal pronouns med, ted, sed: INTER SED CONIOVRASE and INTER SED DEDISE, for inter se conjuravisse and inter se dedisse, in the S. C. de Bacch. This usage was retained, at least as a license of verse, when the next word began with a vowel, even in the time of Plautus. But in the classic period this d no longer appears. —
    b.
    In the imperative mood;

    as estod,

    Fest. p. 230. The Oscan language retained this ending (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 206).—
    c.
    In the preposition se-, originally identical with the conjunction sed (it is retained in the compound seditio); also in red-, prod-, antid-, postid-, etc. ( redire, prodire, etc.); and in these words, too, it is a remnant of the ancient characteristic of the ablative (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 200 sq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 49).
    V.
    As an abbreviation, D usually stands for the praenomen Decimus; also for Deus, Divus, Dominus, Decurio, etc.; over epitaphs, D. M. = Diis Manibus; over temple inscriptions, D. O. M. = Deo Optimo Maxumo; in the titles of the later emperors, D. N. = Dominus Noster, and DD. NN. = Domini Nostri. Before dates of letters, D signified dabam, and also dies; hence, a. d. = ante diem; in offerings to the gods, D. D. = dono or donum dedit; D. D. D. = dat, dicat, dedicat, etc. Cf. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 457 sq.
    ► The Romans denoted the number 500 by D; but the character was then regarded, not as a letter, but as half of the original Tuscan numeral (or CI[C ]) for 1000.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > d

  • 8 borrow

    ['bɔrəu]
    гл.
    1) занимать, брать на время

    You could borrow some money from your uncle without paying interest. — Ты можешь занять денег у дяди, и ему не надо платить проценты.

    Can I borrow some sugar from you? I'll buy some and give it to you tomorrow. — Могу я взять у тебя немного сахару? Я завтра куплю и отдам.

    Our neighbor borrowed my lawn mower. — Наш сосед взял у меня газонокосилку на время.

    They are always borrowing from us. — Они всё время берут у нас деньги взаймы.

    2) заимствовать, перенимать, усваивать

    The word was borrowed from English into German. — Слово было заимствовано из английского языка в немецкий.

    His poetry borrows (words) from Shakespeare. — В его стихах есть заимствования из Шекспира.

    Syn:

    Англо-русский современный словарь > borrow

  • 9 out

    out [aʊt]
    A.
    ∎ to go out sortir;
    ∎ she ran/limped/strolled out elle est sortie en courant/en boitant/sans se presser;
    ∎ I met her on my way out je l'ai rencontrée en sortant;
    ∎ out you go! sortez!, hors d'ici!, allez, hop!;
    ∎ the cork popped out le bouchon sauta;
    ∎ she took out a gun elle a sorti un révolver;
    ∎ I had my camera out ready j'avais sorti mon appareil;
    ∎ he drew out £50 (from bank) il a retiré 50 livres; (from pocket) il a sorti 50 livres;
    ∎ familiar I'm out of here je me casse;
    ∎ familiar let's get out of here allez, on se casse
    (b) (away from home, office etc)
    ∎ Mr Powell's out, do you want to leave a message? M. Powell est sorti, voulez-vous laisser un message?;
    ∎ she's out a lot in the daytime elle est souvent absente pendant la journée;
    ∎ she's out picking mushrooms elle est sortie (pour aller) cueillir des champignons;
    ∎ a search party is out looking for them une équipe de secours est partie à leur recherche;
    ∎ to eat out aller au restaurant;
    ∎ it's a long time since we had an evening out ça fait longtemps que nous ne sommes pas sortis;
    ∎ he stayed out all night il n'est pas rentré de la nuit;
    ∎ the children are playing out in the street les enfants jouent dans la rue;
    ∎ familiar to be out to lunch (out of touch with reality) être à côté de la plaque
    (c) (no longer attending hospital, school etc) sorti;
    ∎ she's out of hospital now elle est sortie de l'hôpital maintenant;
    ∎ what time do you get out of school? à quelle heure sors-tu de l'école?;
    ∎ he's out in September (of prisoner) il sort en septembre
    ∎ he was looking out at the people in the street il regardait les gens qui passaient dans la rue;
    ∎ I stared out of the window je regardais par la fenêtre;
    ∎ the bedroom looks out onto open fields la chambre donne sur les champs
    ∎ to sleep out dormir dehors;
    ∎ it's cold out il fait froid dehors;
    ∎ it's colder inside than out il fait plus froid à l'intérieur qu'à l'extérieur
    (f) (indicating distance from land, centre, town etc)
    ∎ we were two days out from Portsmouth nous étions à deux jours de Portsmouth;
    ∎ on the trip out à l'aller;
    ∎ they live a long way out ils habitent loin du centre;
    ∎ out in the country dans la campagne;
    ∎ she's out in Africa elle est en Afrique;
    ∎ out there là-bas
    ∎ she stuck her tongue out at me elle m'a tiré la langue;
    ∎ he lay stretched out on the bed il était allongé (de tout son long) sur le lit;
    ∎ hold your arms/your hand out tendez les bras/la main
    B.
    ∎ she handed out some photocopies elle a distribué des photocopies;
    ∎ the letter was sent out yesterday la lettre a été postée hier;
    ∎ the book is out (borrowed from library) le livre est en prêt
    (b) (indicating source of light, smell, sound etc)
    ∎ it gives out a lot of heat ça dégage beaucoup de chaleur;
    ∎ music blared out from the radio la radio hurlait
    (c) (loudly, audibly)
    ∎ read out the first paragraph lisez le premier paragraphe à haute voix;
    ∎ I was thinking out loud je pensais tout haut
    C.
    ∎ keep out (sign) défense d'entrer, entrée interdite;
    ∎ traitors out! les traîtres, dehors!;
    ∎ throw him out! jetez-le dehors!
    ∎ get out before it's too late abandonne avant qu'il ne soit trop tard;
    ∎ you can count me out ne comptez plus sur moi;
    ∎ familiar I want out! je laisse tomber!
    ∎ put or turn the lights out éteignez les lumières;
    ∎ to stub out a cigarette écraser une cigarette
    ∎ to knock sb out assommer qn, mettre qn K-O;
    ∎ several people passed out plusieurs personnes se sont évanouies
    ∎ the stain will wash out la tache partira au lavage
    D.
    (a) (revealed, made public)
    ∎ the secret is out le secret a été éventé;
    ∎ word is out that he's going to resign le bruit court qu'il va démissionner;
    ∎ the truth will out la vérité se saura;
    ∎ we must stop the news getting out nous devons empêcher la nouvelle de s'ébruiter;
    ∎ familiar out with it! alors, t'accouches?
    (b) (published, on sale)
    ∎ is her new book/film/record out? est-ce que son nouveau livre/film/disque est sorti?;
    ∎ the new model will be or come out next month le nouveau modèle sort le mois prochain
    (c) (with superlative) familiar (in existence) it's the best computer out c'est le meilleur ordinateur qui existe□ ;
    ∎ she's the biggest liar out c'est la pire menteuse qui soit□
    E.
    ∎ the tide's on its way out la mer se retire, la marée descend
    (a) (flowering) en fleurs;
    ∎ the daffodils/cherry trees are out les jonquilles/cerisiers sont en fleurs
    ∎ the sun is out il y a du soleil;
    ∎ the moon is out la lune s'est levée;
    ∎ the stars are out on voit les étoiles
    ∎ before the year is out avant la fin de l'année
    (d) (on strike) en grève;
    ∎ the dockers have been out for a month les dockers sont en grève depuis un mois;
    ∎ everybody out! tout le monde en grève!
    ∎ if you score less than 3 points you're out si on marque moins de 3 points on est éliminé;
    ∎ the ball was out la balle était dehors ou sortie, la balle était faute;
    ∎ she went out in the first round elle a été éliminée au premier tour;
    ∎ not out (in cricket) = encore au guichet (à la fin de l'innings, de la journée)
    (f) (tide) bas;
    ∎ the tide's out la marée est basse
    ∎ your calculations are (way) out, you're (way) out in your calculations vous vous êtes (complètement) trompé dans vos calculs;
    ∎ I've checked the figures but I'm still £50 out j'ai vérifié les chiffres mais il manque toujours 50 livres;
    ∎ it's a few inches out (too long) c'est trop long de quelques centimètres; (too short) c'est trop court de quelques centimètres;
    ∎ it's only a few inches out c'est bon à quelques centimètres près;
    ∎ the shot was only a centimetre out le coup n'a manqué le but que d'un centimètre
    ∎ that plan's out because of the weather ce projet est à l'eau à cause du temps
    (i) familiar (unfashionable) démodé□ ;
    ∎ long hair's (right) out les cheveux longs c'est (carrément) dépassé
    (j) (indicating aim, intent)
    ∎ to be out to do sth avoir l'intention de faire qch;
    ∎ we're out to win nous sommes partis pour gagner;
    ∎ to be out to get sb en avoir après qn;
    ∎ to be out for sth vouloir qch;
    ∎ she was out for a good time elle cherchait à s'amuser;
    ∎ she's out for the presidency elle vise le poste de président;
    ∎ he's just out for himself il ne s'intéresse qu'à lui-même;
    ∎ he's only out for what he can get il ne cherche qu'à servir ses propres intérêts
    ∎ to be out être K-O
    (l) (extinguished) éteint;
    ∎ the fire was out le feu était éteint
    (m) familiar (openly gay) qui ne cache pas son homosexualité□, ouvertement homosexuel□
    3 noun
    (a) (way of escape) échappatoire f
    (b) Typography bourdon m
    ∎ to be on the outs être brouillé avec qn
    (a) (leave) dehors!
    ∎ (over and) out! terminé!
    (c) Sport (in tennis) faute!, out!
    familiar hors de;
    ∎ she went out that door elle est sortie par cette porte;
    ∎ look out the window regarde par la fenêtre
    (expose) dénoncer;
    ∎ to out sb (reveal to be homosexual) révéler que qn est homosexuel;
    ∎ to out sb as a spy dénoncer qn en tant qu'espion
    ∎ where have you been? - oh, out and about où étais-tu? - oh, je suis allé faire un tour;
    ∎ out and about in Amsterdam dans les rues d'Amsterdam
    ∎ she came out of the office elle est sortie du bureau;
    ∎ he ran/limped/strolled out of the office il est sorti du bureau en courant/en boitant/sans se presser;
    ∎ to look/to fall out of a window regarder/tomber par une fenêtre;
    ∎ take your hands out of your pockets! sors ou ôte tes mains de tes poches!;
    ∎ hardly were the words out of my mouth à peine avais-je prononcé ces mots
    ∎ we drank out of china cups nous avons bu dans des tasses de porcelaine;
    ∎ to drink out of the bottle boire à (même) la bouteille;
    ∎ she works out of York elle opère à partir de York;
    ∎ the company is out of Oxford l'entreprise est basée à Oxford;
    ∎ he's out of town il n'est pas en ville;
    ∎ she's out of the country elle est à l'étranger;
    ∎ it's a long way out of town c'est loin de la ville;
    ∎ there was a wind out of the Southwest il y avait du vent de sud-ouest
    (c) (indicating source → of feeling, profit, money etc)
    ∎ she did well out of the deal elle a trouvé son compte dans l'affaire;
    ∎ what pleasure do they get out of it? quel plaisir en tirent-ils?;
    ∎ you won't get anything out of him vous ne tirerez rien de lui;
    ∎ she paid for it out of company funds/out of her own pocket elle l'a payé avec l'argent de la société/payé de sa poche;
    ∎ to copy sth out of a book copier qch dans un livre
    ∎ it's made out of mahogany c'est en acajou;
    ∎ plastic is made out of petroleum on obtient le plastique à partir du pétrole;
    ∎ hut made out of a few old planks cabane faite de quelques vieilles planches
    ∎ he refused out of sheer spite il a refusé par pur dépit;
    ∎ to act out of fear (habitually) agir sous l'emprise de la peur; (on precise occasion) agir sous le coup de la peur
    (f) (indicating previous tendency, habit)
    ∎ I've got out of the habit j'en ai perdu l'habitude;
    ∎ try and stay out of trouble essaie d'éviter les ennuis
    ∎ I'm out of cigarettes je n'ai plus de cigarettes;
    ∎ Commerce I am out of this item je n'ai plus cet article pour le moment;
    ∎ out of work au chômage
    (h) (in proportions, marks etc) sur;
    ∎ he got nine out of ten in maths il a eu neuf sur dix en maths;
    ∎ ninety-nine times out of a hundred quatre-vingt-dix-neuf fois sur cent;
    ∎ choose one out of these ten choisissez-en un parmi les dix;
    ∎ three days out of four trois jours sur quatre;
    ∎ one out of every three un sur trois;
    ∎ out of all the people there, only one spoke German parmi toutes les personnes présentes, une seule parlait allemand
    (i) (indicating similarity to book, film etc)
    ∎ it was like something out of a Fellini film on se serait cru dans un film de Fellini
    ∎ he's out of the race il n'est plus dans la course;
    ∎ you keep out of this! mêlez-vous de ce qui vous regarde!
    ∎ come in out of the rain ne reste pas dehors sous la pluie;
    ∎ stay out of the sun ne restez pas au soleil;
    ∎ is there a way out of it? y a-t-il (un) moyen d'en sortir?
    ∎ a young girl just out of university une jeune fille tout juste sortie de l'université
    ∎ Gladiator by Monarch out of Gladia Gladiateur par ou issu de Monarch et Gladia
    ∎ to be out of it (unaware of situation) être à côté de la plaque; (drunk, on drugs) être raide;
    ∎ I felt a bit out of it (excluded) je me sentais un peu de trop
    ►► Accountancy out book livre m du dehors;
    Computing out box (for e-mail) corbeille f de départ;
    out tray corbeille f sortie
    ✾ Book 'Out of Africa' Blixen 'La Ferme africaine'

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > out

  • 10 ¡! (signo de exclamación)

    Ex. Exclamation points (!) after a number refer to the results of a previous query.
    ----
    * ¡ábrete sésamo! = open sesame!.
    * ¡adelante! = go for it!.
    * ¡a freír espárragos! = on your bike!.
    * ¡ah! = ah!.
    * ¡ah! = oh dear!.
    * ¡Ah del barco! = Ahoy there!.
    * ¡allá voy! = here I come!.
    * ¡ánimo! = go for it!.
    * ¡a por todas! = go for it!.
    * ¡A tu salud! = Here's to you!.
    * ¡A vuestra salud! = Here's to you!.
    * ¡ay! = oh dear!.
    * ¡Ay de...! = Woe to...!.
    * ¡Ay Dios! = Heavens!.
    * ¡Barco a la vista! = Ship ahoy!.
    * ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.
    * ¡bravo! = bravo!.
    * ¡buena suerte! = good luck!.
    * ¡buena suerte! = break a leg!.
    * ¡caramba! = gosh.
    * ¡caramba! = golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡Caray! = Heck!.
    * ¡caray! = gosh, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡Chin chin! = Cheers!.
    * ¡chitón! = put a sock in it!, mum's the word!.
    * ¡chúpate esa! = eat your heart out!.
    * ¡Cielos! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡Cielo Santo! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!, shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡como para creérselo! = Posesivo + famous last words.
    * ¡cómo se nota que no está el jefe! = while the cat's away, the mice will play.
    * ¡contra! = gosh, Heck!, gee whiz [gee wizz], Yipes!, Whoops, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡coño! = aw shucks.
    * ¡corta el rollo! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡de ninguna manera! = Not on your life!, over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Dios mío! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Dios no lo quiera! = God forbid.
    * ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * ¡eh! = Ahoy!.
    * ¡el Cielo nos guarde! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * ¡enhorabuena! = bravo!.
    * ¡eso se dice pronto! = easier said than done.
    * ¡felices fiestas! = season's greetings!.
    * ¡felicitaciones! = congratulations!.
    * ¡felicitaciones! = the way to go!.
    * ¡guau! = woof!.
    * ¡hola! = Ahoy!.
    * ¡Hola compa! = Ahoy matey!.
    * ¡joder! = aw shucks.
    * ¡lárgate! = on your bike!.
    * ¡La Virgen! = Good heavens!, Heavens!.
    * ¡Madre mía! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡maricón el último! = the devil take the hindmost.
    * ¡mira quién habla! = look who's talking!.
    * ¡muérete de envidia! = eat your heart out!.
    * ¡muy bien! = the way to go!.
    * ¡nada de eso! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni en sueños! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni hablar! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni hablar del caso! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni loco! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * ¡ni muerto! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * ¡ni pensarlo! = over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Ni se te ocurra! = Not on your life!.
    * ¡ni una palabra a nadie! = mum's the word!, not a word to anyone!.
    * ¡no digas palabrotas! = watch your language!.
    * ¡No, por lo que más quieras! = Not on your life!.
    * ¡Ojalá tuviera...! = I wish I had....
    * ¡Ojalá tuviese...! = I wish I had....
    * ¡okei! = okeydokey! [okidoki].
    * ¡pírate! = on your bike!.
    * ¡por dios! = for crying out loud!, for God's sake, in heaven's name, gosh, goodness gracious, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡por el amor de Dios! = for crying out loud!.
    * ¡Por lo que más quieras! = for God's sake.
    * ¡por supuesto que no! = God forbid.
    * ¡punto en boca! = mum's the word!, not a word to anyone!, shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡Qué diablos! = Heck!.
    * ¡qué follón! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.
    * ¡qué jaleo! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡qué lío! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡qué palabras son esas! = watch your language!.
    * ¡que + Pronombre + partir un rayo! = be damned!.
    * ¡qué rollo macabeo! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡que + Pronombre + zurcir! = be damned!.
    * ¡recórcholis! = gosh, by jingo!.
    * ¡recórcholis! = golly.
    * ¡Salud! = Cheers!.
    * ¡sálvese quien pueda! = the devil take the hindmost.
    * ¡Santo Cielo! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡Santo Dios! = goodness gracious.
    = break a leg!.
    Ex. The theatrical tradition of telling an actor about to go on stage to ' break a leg', may have its origin in a German phrase borrowed from Hebrew.
    ----
    * ¡tener + que pasar por encima de + Posesivo + cadáver! = over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Tierra a la vista! = Land ahoy!, Land ho!.
    * ¡vale! = okeydokey! [okidoki].
    * ¡Válgame! = Whoops, Yipes!.
    * ¡válgame Dios! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Vaya! = Whoops, Yipes!.
    * ¡vaya hombre! = oh dear!.
    * ¡vaya por Dios! = oh dear!.
    * ¡venga ya! = on your bike!.
    * ¡Virgen Santísima! = Good heavens!, Heavens!.
    * ¡y listo! = and presto.
    * ¡zas! = whack.

    Spanish-English dictionary > ¡! (signo de exclamación)

  • 11 ¡!

    ¡! (signo de exclamación)
    = exclamation point (!).

    Ex: Exclamation points (!) after a number refer to the results of a previous query.

    * ¡ábrete sésamo! = open sesame!.
    * ¡adelante! = go for it!.
    * ¡a freír espárragos! = on your bike!.
    * ¡ah! = ah!.
    * ¡ah! = oh dear!.
    * ¡Ah del barco! = Ahoy there!.
    * ¡allá voy! = here I come!.
    * ¡ánimo! = go for it!.
    * ¡a por todas! = go for it!.
    * ¡A tu salud! = Here's to you!.
    * ¡A vuestra salud! = Here's to you!.
    * ¡ay! = oh dear!.
    * ¡Ay de...! = Woe to...!.
    * ¡Ay Dios! = Heavens!.
    * ¡Barco a la vista! = Ship ahoy!.
    * ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.
    * ¡bravo! = bravo!.
    * ¡buena suerte! = good luck!.
    * ¡buena suerte! = break a leg!.
    * ¡caramba! = gosh.
    * ¡caramba! = golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡Caray! = Heck!.
    * ¡caray! = gosh, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡Chin chin! = Cheers!.
    * ¡chitón! = put a sock in it!, mum's the word!.
    * ¡chúpate esa! = eat your heart out!.
    * ¡Cielos! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡Cielo Santo! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!, shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡como para creérselo! = Posesivo + famous last words.
    * ¡cómo se nota que no está el jefe! = while the cat's away, the mice will play.
    * ¡contra! = gosh, Heck!, gee whiz [gee wizz], Yipes!, Whoops, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡coño! = aw shucks.
    * ¡corta el rollo! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡de ninguna manera! = Not on your life!, over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Dios mío! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Dios no lo quiera! = God forbid.
    * ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * ¡eh! = Ahoy!.
    * ¡el Cielo nos guarde! = heaven forbid, God forbid.
    * ¡enhorabuena! = bravo!.
    * ¡eso se dice pronto! = easier said than done.
    * ¡felices fiestas! = season's greetings!.
    * ¡felicitaciones! = congratulations!.
    * ¡felicitaciones! = the way to go!.
    * ¡guau! = woof!.
    * ¡hola! = Ahoy!.
    * ¡Hola compa! = Ahoy matey!.
    * ¡joder! = aw shucks.
    * ¡lárgate! = on your bike!.
    * ¡La Virgen! = Good heavens!, Heavens!.
    * ¡Madre mía! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡maricón el último! = the devil take the hindmost.
    * ¡mira quién habla! = look who's talking!.
    * ¡muérete de envidia! = eat your heart out!.
    * ¡muy bien! = the way to go!.
    * ¡nada de eso! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni en sueños! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni hablar! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni hablar del caso! = no dice!.
    * ¡ni loco! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * ¡ni muerto! = Not on your life!, You won't catch me doing it.
    * ¡ni pensarlo! = over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Ni se te ocurra! = Not on your life!.
    * ¡ni una palabra a nadie! = mum's the word!, not a word to anyone!.
    * ¡no digas palabrotas! = watch your language!.
    * ¡No, por lo que más quieras! = Not on your life!.
    * ¡Ojalá tuviera...! = I wish I had....
    * ¡Ojalá tuviese...! = I wish I had....
    * ¡okei! = okeydokey! [okidoki].
    * ¡pírate! = on your bike!.
    * ¡por dios! = for crying out loud!, for God's sake, in heaven's name, gosh, goodness gracious, golly, by jingo!.
    * ¡por el amor de Dios! = for crying out loud!.
    * ¡Por lo que más quieras! = for God's sake.
    * ¡por supuesto que no! = God forbid.
    * ¡punto en boca! = mum's the word!, not a word to anyone!, shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡Qué diablos! = Heck!.
    * ¡qué follón! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡que gane el mejor! = may the best man win!, may the best man win!.
    * ¡qué jaleo! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡qué lío! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡qué palabras son esas! = watch your language!.
    * ¡que + Pronombre + partir un rayo! = be damned!.
    * ¡qué rollo macabeo! = what a palaver!.
    * ¡que + Pronombre + zurcir! = be damned!.
    * ¡recórcholis! = gosh, by jingo!.
    * ¡recórcholis! = golly.
    * ¡Salud! = Cheers!.
    * ¡sálvese quien pueda! = the devil take the hindmost.
    * ¡Santo Cielo! = Good heavens!.
    * ¡Santo Dios! = goodness gracious.
    = break a leg!.
    Ex: The theatrical tradition of telling an actor about to go on stage to ' break a leg', may have its origin in a German phrase borrowed from Hebrew.
    * ¡tener + que pasar por encima de + Posesivo + cadáver! = over + Posesivo + dead body.
    * ¡Tierra a la vista! = Land ahoy!, Land ho!.
    * ¡vale! = okeydokey! [okidoki].
    * ¡Válgame! = Whoops, Yipes!.
    * ¡válgame Dios! = goodness gracious, oh dear!.
    * ¡Vaya! = Whoops, Yipes!.
    * ¡vaya hombre! = oh dear!.
    * ¡vaya por Dios! = oh dear!.
    * ¡venga ya! = on your bike!.
    * ¡Virgen Santísima! = Good heavens!, Heavens!.
    * ¡y listo! = and presto.
    * ¡zas! = whack.

    Spanish-English dictionary > ¡!

  • 12 amhas

    amhas, amhusg
    wild man, beast man; Irish amhas, a wild man, madman; Early Irish amos, amsach, a mercenary soldier, servant. Conchobar's amsaig, or mercenaries, in the Early Irish saga of Deirdre, appear misunderstood as our amhusgan, monsters; there is probably a reminiscence of the Norse "bear-sarks". Borrowed from Gaulish Latin ambactus (= servus, Festus), through *ambaxus; Cæsar says of the Gaulish princes: "Circum se ambactos clientesque habent". The roots are ambi- (see mu) and ag, go lead ( see aghaidh). Hence many words, as English ambassador, German amt, official position, etc. Ir.J., 154, 156, has amhas, in Gaelic force.

    Etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > amhas

  • 13 amhusg

    amhas, amhusg
    wild man, beast man; Irish amhas, a wild man, madman; Early Irish amos, amsach, a mercenary soldier, servant. Conchobar's amsaig, or mercenaries, in the Early Irish saga of Deirdre, appear misunderstood as our amhusgan, monsters; there is probably a reminiscence of the Norse "bear-sarks". Borrowed from Gaulish Latin ambactus (= servus, Festus), through *ambaxus; Cæsar says of the Gaulish princes: "Circum se ambactos clientesque habent". The roots are ambi- (see mu) and ag, go lead ( see aghaidh). Hence many words, as English ambassador, German amt, official position, etc. Ir.J., 154, 156, has amhas, in Gaelic force.

    Etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language > amhusg

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  • The United States of America —     The United States of America     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The United States of America     BOUNDARIES AND AREA     On the east the boundary is formed by the St. Croix River and an arbitrary line to the St. John, and on the north by the… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • The Shining (film) — The Shining Theatrical release poster Directed by Stanley Kubrick Produced by Stanle …   Wikipedia

  • The Hated — Origin Annapolis, Maryland, U.S Genres Alternative rock, Post hardcore, Emocore Years active 1985–1990 Labels Verm …   Wikipedia

  • The public scandal of the Dreyfus Affair — The scandal over falsely accused Alfred Dreyfus grew into a public scandal of unprecedented scale. Almost the entire french nation became divided between pro and anti Dreyfusards.Attitude of the pressAgainst this odious campaign was set in motion …   Wikipedia

  • Investigation and the arrest of Alfred Dreyfus — The Dreyfus Affair began when a bordereau (detailed memorandum) disclosing French military secrets was found in the possession of the Germans. Blame was quickly pinned upon Alfred Dreyfus.French EspionageAmong the military services reorganized… …   Wikipedia

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